The synthesis, spectroscopic AND magnetic characterization of a series of new alkoxo bridged BINUCLEAR COPPER ((II)) compounds is described. All COMPLEXES have the general formula [Cu (µ-OR)(L)2]2(ClO4)2 • x H2O, in which µ-OR = CH3O , C2H5O or C3H7O , L = 2 amino 4 methylpyridine (abbreviated A4PIC) AND 2 amino 5 methylpyridine ( abbreviated A5PIC). The title compounds all consist of dinuclear units with alkoxo bridging group. All COMPLEXES have been synthesized in one-step reaction, AND characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR AND electronic spectra AND by magnetic properties. The compounds exhibit strong antiferromagnetic INTERACTION at room temperature. The UV-Vis spectra shows three absorption bANDs, which can be attributed to d-d transition of COPPER ((II)) ion, ligAND --> metal charge transiton AND π --> π transition of the ligAND. The IR spectra indicate Cu2O2 ring vibrations in 500-570 cm-1 range. The magnetic properties of the [Cu2(A5PIC)4)(O -CH3)2](ClO4)2 complex has been investigated in the 5-265 K range AND a singlet triplet energy gap (-2J) of 126 cm-1 was observed.

The synthesis AND characterization of some new BINUCLEAR COPPER((II)) COMPLEXES, based on the use of large, pyrole- containing macrocycles, the so called ""expANDed porphyrins"", [Cu-2(macrycycle)](+4) is described. Electron SPIN Resonance (ESR) studies indicate a weak ""half-field line"" which is characteristic of the Cu((II))-Cu((II)) dimer, is observed at about 1600G. The observation of this bAND strongly suggests that the hyperfine structure arises from a SPIN triplet species.

The synthesis, spectroscopy AND magnetic characterization of five new dinuclear COPPER ((II)) COMPLEXES are described. All five compounds have the general formula [Cu2 (L) 4 (O-R) 2] (Cl) 2 or [Cu2 (L) 2 (Cl) 2] (Cl) 2, in which R=CH3 or H, L=2, 3 or 4-pyridinemethanol as L2, L3 or L4, respectively. The title compounds consist of dinuclear units with bridging methoxo groups in [Cu2 (L4) 4 (O-CH3) 2] (Cl) 2, hydroxo groups in [Cu2 (L4) 4 (OH) 2] (Cl) 2, AND bridging chloro moeities in [Cu2 (L4) 4 (Cl) 2] (Cl) 2, [Cu2 (L3) 4 (Cl) 2] (Cl) 2 AND [Cu2 (L2) 4 (Cl) 2] (Cl) 2. Each dinuclear unit consisting of two ligANDs linked to each COPPER via the pyridine N atom, providing a Cu2N2A2 unit (where A=OH, O-CH3 or Cl). All COMPLEXES have been synthesized in a one-step reaction AND characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electron SPIN resonance (ESR), AND electronic spectra AND by room temperature magnetic moments. The compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic INTERACTION at room temperature. The UV-Vis spectra show three absorptions attributed to the d-d transition of the COPPER ((II)) ion, ligAND®metal charge transfer AND p®p* or n®p* transitions of the ligAND. The FTIR spectra indicate a Cu2N2A2 ring vibrating from 395 to 530 cm-1. All COMPLEXES show a room temperature magnetic moment between 1.55 AND 1.67 B.M. per COPPER atom. The X-bAND electron SPIN resonance (ESR) spectra of samples in DMF or DMSO frozen at liquid nitrogen temperature show a typical Dm=1 transition.

A series of BINUCLEAR COPPER ((II)) COMPLEXES of N-functionalized cyclam derivatives has been prepared by the Schiff base condensation of 1, 8-[bis (3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl) benzyl]-l, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacyclo-tetradecane (PC-a), 1, 8-[bis (3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-bromo)benzyl]-l, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacyclo-tetradecane (PC-b) with appropriate aliphatic diamines, AND COPPER ((II)) perchlorate. All the COMPLEXES were characterized by elemental, FT-IR, UV-Vis, ESI AND ESR spectral analysis. The room temperature magnetic moment studies depicts the presence of an antiferromagnetic INTERACTION in the BINUCLEAR COMPLEXES, which is also observed from the broad ESR spectra with a g value of 2.10-2.11. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility study of the complex [Cu2L2a] (ClO4)2 shows that the calculated -2J value is 219 cm-1, which conveys a SPIN–SPIN INTERACTION between the two COPPER ((II)) ions. The catechol oxidation AND hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenylphosphate were carried out by using the COMPLEXES as a catalyst. All the above metal COMPLEXES were screened for antimicrobial AND human pathogenic fungal activity. The binding of the COMPLEXES to calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been investigated with UV-Vis AND fluorescence spectroscopy. All COMPLEXES display significant cleavage property of circular plasmid pBR322 DNA into linear form. Spectral, electrochemical, magnetic AND catalytic studies support the distortion of the COPPER ion geometry that arises as the macrocyclic ring size increases.

Background AND Aims: The purpose of this study was the stANDardization of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) in nonclinical Iranian sample based on their sex, academic year, native/non-native trait AND college.Materials AND Methods: The participants were 1743 students of Shahed University who were studying in 2010-2011 academic year AND were selected by cluster sampling AND completed Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). For the evaluation of validity, internal consistency AND repeatability of the SPIN the concordant validity, Cronbach α coefficient AND test-retest methods were used, respectively. In order to analyze the data Hotelling’s T-square test, multivariate analysis of variance, AND Scheffé post-hoc test were used.Results: The results showed that there was a correlation between the marks of SPIN with anxiety subscales of the Anxiety subscales of the symptom checklist SCL-90-R (a<0.001, p<0.7) AND SPIN has internal consistency (a<0.001, p<0.94) AND reproducibility/repeatability (a<0.001, p<0.96). Also, the results indicated the mean of social anxiety in female students compared to males AND non-native students compared to the native ones (p<0.05) AND human sciences AND medical students compared to other college students (p<0.01) was significantly higher. However, there was no significant difference between the students studying different academic years (F=0.42, p<0.000).Conclusion: This study besides providing schedules of normalization for students are presented according to their academic year, sex AND college AND emphasis that SPIN has favorable validity AND reliability.

Tow new compound of type [(chelate)(2)Cu-OH-Cu(chelate)(2)] X-3. nH(2)O, where chelate=1, 10-phenanthroline; X=Cl-(n=3.5) AND chelate=4,4"-dimethyl-2,2"-bipyridine; X=ClO4-(n=5) have been synthesised AND their properties investigated The COMPLEXES show, room temperature magnetic moment order of 1.0 B.M. per COPPER atom. The X-bAND ESR spectrum of powdered samples at room temperature shows typical Delta m=1 transition at g(av)=2.075 for 1,10-phenanthroline AND g(av)=2.085 for 4,4"-dimethyl-2,2"-bipyridine, AND much weaker Delta m=2 transition at half-field which is the characteristic of dimeric unit.

Our main objective is a better understANDing of SPIN- SPIN INTERACTION of dinuclear COPPER(lI) COMPLEXES through 1t system. The synthesis AND characterization of two new dinuclear COPPER((II)) COMPLEXES, based on the use of large, pyrole-containing macrocycles, the so called" expANDed porphyrins" , [Cu2(macrocycle)]4+ is described. A chloroform solution spectrum of two COMPLEXES taken at room temperature AND 130-135 K gave a classic electron SPIN resonance (ESR) pattern for both compounds. Both COMPLEXES show a triplet state(S =1), with both ΔM = 1 AND ΔM = 2 (half field) transition which is the characteristics of Cu((II))- Cu((II)) dimer. The observation of ΔM = 2 bAND strongly suggests the SPIN- SPIN INTERACTION occurs through π system. All compounds exhibit a typical ΔM = 1 transition with superhyperfine splitting due to the 14N bound to COPPER.    

In this paper, the dependence of the SPIN pumping effect on a layer of tungsten disulfide (WS2) by the inverse Hall SPIN effect (ISHE) is investigated. The precession motion of the magnetization vector creates the effect of SPIN pumping on a non-conductive ferrimagnetic film. A stream of polarized SPIN electrons is then injected into the NM layer of a non-magnetic material such as Pt. This SPIN current is converted to electric current by the ISHE. We investigated the efficiency of SPIN injection into tungsten disulfide WS AND found that as the film thickness increased, the ISHE voltage also increased AND compared this relationship with the theory. Next, we obtained the SPIN diffusion length AND conductivity of the SPIN mixture by varying the damping coefficient of Gilbert with thickness. As far as we know, similar studies have been performed here on materials such as yttrium-iron-garnet or Mo1-xWxS2 alloy, but not on tungsten disulfide. Studies such as the effect of SPIN-orbit coupling, the study of second-order Riemann scattering, AND the like, have been performed on tungsten disulfide AND are still ongoing. We hope this will guide for the development of further studies in this field.

A series of symmetric AND asymmetric BINUCLEAR α-d(II)mine nickel((II)) COMPLEXES toward ethylene polymerization were successfully synthesized AND characterized by 1HNMR. All the catalysts were typically activated with MAO AND displayed good activity at room temperature under 1atm ethylene pressure. The symmetric catalyst containing isopropyl on ligAND activated with 500 equiv MAO produced high molecular weight polyethylene with a PDI=1. 75, while the symmetric catalyst containing methyl on ligAND produced relatively low molecular weight polyethylene with a PDI=1. 74. By contrast, the molecular weight, branching density of resultant polymer produced by asymmetric catalyst decrease roughly somewhere between that of polymers prepared by two symmetric catalysts.